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(No Mode1.') 2 Sheets-.Sheet 1..

J. T. CULLENS.

BRICK KILN.

Patented Sept.v 3() MIM- IIS No, m m f fue M J. w .j

WTNESSES:

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. T. GULLENS.

A BRICK KILN.

No. 437,577. Patented Sept. 30, 1890.

l i 17 i f1' i l I Il v j] t? T c' L I .Zr-1 I 1i 1` E n n H L zc r I li l- C f if 217 if Witwe/oen Suva/wko@ j@ A* y @@@m/ UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE.;

AJOHN T. CULLENS, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TOHENRY S. METTLEN, HENRY A.

OF SAME PLACE.

KENT, AND BENJAMIN E. JoNEs, ALL

BRICK-:KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 437,577, datedSeptember 30, 1890.

Application filed .T une 30, 1890l To aZZ whom it may concern..-

Be itknown that I, JOHNT. CULLENs, of Kan1 sas City, Jackson county,Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 5 inBrick-Kilns, (for which, on the 7 th day of August, 1890,I filed anapplication, No. 54,140 for a patent in the Dominion of Oanada,) ofwhich the following is a full, clear, and exact description, referencebeing had to the accomro panying drawings, forming a part hereof.

My invention relates to an improvement in brick-kilns; and it consistsincertain novel features of construction, as will be fully set forth andclaimed in the following specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a vertical transversesectional view of a kiln constructed in accordance with my invention.Fig. 2 is avertical transverse zo section on line y 'y of Fig. 3. Fig. 3isa horizontal section of the kiln, taken above the perforated iiooring.Fig. 4L is a vertical longitudinal section on line fr of Fig. 3.' Fig. 5is a horizontal sectional view of the lire-box,

z 5 the air or combustion chambers, and the opening in the inner wall ofthe kiln, through which passes the heat when used as an updraft andVwhich is closedby a plug, as shown, Whenused as a downdraft.

Similar letters refer to similar parts in all the gures.

A represents a kiln, preferably of rectangular form, having the centrallongitudinal flue B, communicating with the transverse 3 5 ilues O,in'order to leave the central portion of the end walls unobstructed forthe doors A2, while the said transverse iues communicate with lthe lowerend of the iues D, communicating with the chimneys on the end 4o Wallsof the kiln.

The flue B is divided by the dead wall or partition E, whereby thecourse of the heated products of combustion through the middle of thestack may be readily controlled and may be caused to pass through theone end thereof or the other.

A series of transverse lues F terminate at the walls, forming thecentral longitudinal ilue B, and communicate with the series of SerialNo. 357,167. (No model.)

longitudinal tlues Geparallel withk and arranged on either side of theiue B, which iiues G are formed by the longitudinal Walls H. The saidlines G and Walls H are interl,

sected by the transverse deadwalls or partitions I, extending from theinner Wall of the L, opening at M into the/body of the kiln.

These passages L are provided with the dampers N, the object of whichwill be explained hereinafter.

The openings O, immediately opposite the openings K, are adapted to beoccupied by the beveled bricks or plugs P, having Shanks or loops intheir outer sides, which may be engaged by a hook or other suitablemeans to displace said bricks or plugs P when necessarv.

Separated by the perforated brick R from the passageway L and on a levelwith the floor of the same are the air or combustion chambers S,communicating with the outside of thel kiln through the passage T.

`The bracebeams U are connected at their upper ends with the transverserods n, the outer ends of which are engaged by the nuts X.

The chimneys to which the iues I communicate are provided with thevertical partitions Y, which form the flues Z, communieating with thebody of the kiln and controlled by the dampers A.

The doors A of the kiln are of the ordinary construction, and thetransverse bricks A placed across the longitudinal partitions H, formthe perforated floor of the kiln.

In Fig. l I have shown by arrows the direction in which the heat ispassing from nrebox J, through vthe opening K, vertical passages L, intothe body of the kiln through the opening M," permeating the brick, and.passing into the several lues B, F, and G, and escapes through the linesD and I', communieating with the chimneys, as will be readilyunderstood.

In using the one=draft system a great dif iiculty has always beenoccasioned by having a large quantity of salmon brick left in the kiln,which had toundergo a second burning before they were fit for use. Toobviate this dilhculty, I form the flues I4, as shown in Fig. 1,opposite each opening O in theinner side Walls of the kiln and upon thetop of partitionsI and above the. level of the door of the kiln. Theseiiues I4, composed of the brick to be burned or not, as desired, extendinwardly about one-third of the way across the kiln, having the sidebricks 2 thereof placed a slight distance apart, and the covering or topbricks 3 are arranged so that no heat may pass between them, as shown. Ithen Withdraw the bricks or plugs P, close the damppers N, and open thedampers A', causing the heat to pass through the opening O, and byreason of the fines I4 the body of the heat travelsto theend of saidfines I4. At the same .time heat passes through thol passages betweenthe bricks 2, perlnating the bricks above,I and passes at the same timethrough the ues Z with the body of the heat from the ends of the fluesI, which heat is drawn in an upwardly-inclined direction through the uesZ, as is shown in Figs. 2 and 4, thus subjecting the salmon bricksmentioned to the necessary temperature to complete the burning Withoutendangering the bricks in the center of the kiln Aby an oversupply ofheat, as will be readily understood.

Having thus described my invention, whatl `communicating with the outerend of each i section of the said line, longitudinal Walls H,

forminga series of longitudinal iiues G, transverse walls I, dividingthe said series of iues,

with the said longitudinal iues G between each tWo of the transverseWalls I, a fire-box located opposite each of thetransversewalls, avertical Hue connected with each of the said iire-boxes and with the topof the kiln, and a perforated door carried by the said longitudinal andtransverse Walls, as describedQ In testimony whereof I affix mysignature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN T. CULIJENS, Witnesses:

GEO. Y.V THORPE, J. P. HARPER.

v a trans-verse eduction-iiue F, communicating

